If you’re in the United States on a nonimmigrant visa, you may be curious whether you can apply for an unrestricted Social Security Number (SSN). The SSN is necessary for working in the U.S., but the type you can receive depends on your visa status. Nonimmigrant visa holders often face certain restrictions when obtaining an SSN, so it’s essential to understand the differences between restricted and unrestricted SSNs. This post will explain the eligibility requirements and outline options for nonimmigrant visa holders.
What is an Unrestricted SSN?
An unrestricted SSN allows individuals to work legally anywhere in the U.S. without employer or job restrictions. It differs from a restricted SSN, which limits employment to specific types of work, such as those tied to your visa status.
Can Nonimmigrant Visa Holders Get an SSN?
Yes, many nonimmigrant visa holders can apply for a Social Security Number, but it’s typically a restricted SSN. This SSN is issued for those with permission to work in the U.S. based on their visa type. Examples of nonimmigrant visa holders who can apply for an SSN include:
- E1 Visa for International Trade
- E2 Visa for International Investors
- TN visa holders (USCMA)
- H-1B (specialty occupation) visa holders
- L-1 (intra-company transferee) visa holders
- F-1 students with work authorization (like OPT or CPT)
These visa holders are allowed to work in the U.S., so they qualify for an SSN, but the card may bear a note like “Valid for Work Only with DHS Authorization.”
How to Get an SSN on a Nonimmigrant Visa
To apply for an SSN, you will need:
- A valid nonimmigrant visa
- Employment authorization (if required by your visa)
- Passport and I-94 (Arrival/Departure Record)
- Form I-766 (Employment Authorization Document), if applicable
You can apply for your SSN by visiting your local Social Security office or, in some cases, applying at the same time as your visa.
When Can You Get an Unrestricted SSN?
You can only obtain an unrestricted SSN if you become a permanent resident (Green Card holder) or a U.S. citizen. Until then, as a nonimmigrant, your SSN will likely have work restrictions tied to your visa type.
Conclusion
While nonimmigrant visa holders can get a Social Security Number, it’s usually restricted based on their visa status. You will be eligible for an unrestricted SSN only after obtaining a Green Card or becoming a U.S. citizen. You should speak with an immigration attorney or the Social Security Administration for specific guidance on your situation.
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